Hackberry

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Hackberry

Celtis occidentalis

Common Name(s)

Hackberry
Bastard Elm
Nettle Tree
Sugarberry
Northern Hackberry
Western Hackberry
Georgia Hackberry

Family

Cannabaceae

Genus

Celtis

Full Scientific Name

Celtis occidentalis

Author

Linnaeus

Native Range

MB, ON, QC

Introduced Range

Synonyms

Celtis canina
Celtis occidentalis var. canina
Celtis occidentalis var. cordata
Celtis occidentalis var. crassifolia
Celtis occidentalis var. occidentalis
Celtis occidentalis var. pumila
Celtis pumila
Celtis pumila var. deamii

Additional Details

Characteristics

Growth Form: Tree

Evergreen or Deciduous: Deciduous

Temperature Zone: 4

Light Requirements: Sun, Partial Shade

Soil Texture: Clay, Loam

Soil pH: Calciphile

Moisture Requirements: Dry, Normal, Moist

Drought Tolerant: Yes

Compaction Tolerant: No

Salt Tolerant: Yes

Juglone (Walnut) Tolerant: No

Habitat Considerations

Ecozone(s): Mixedwood Plains, Boreal Plains, Prairies

Natural Habitat(s): Woodland, Savannah, Riparian, Rocky Bluff

Human Habitat(s): Butterfly, Bird, Hedgerow/Thicket/Windbreak/Screening, Woodland

Design Considerations

Minimum Height: 1500 cm

Maximum Height: 2700 cm

Bloom Time: May

Flower Colour(s): Yellow|Green/Brown

Showy Flowers: No

Showy Fruit/Seeds: No

Fruit/Seed Colour(s): Black|Purple|Red

Erosion Control: Yes

Larval Host: Question Mark| Mourning Cloak| American snout

Fragrant Flowers:

Fragrant Foliage:

Fall Colour(s): Yes

Bark: Yes

Poisonous to Humans:

Thorns or Prickles:

Attracts Wildlife: Squirrels, Birds, Butterfly Larvae

Invasive Species: No

Conservation Status

Plant Watch Species: No

NatureServe Level:

IUCN Red Alert Status:

Interesting Tidbits

Interesting Tidbits: Aboriginal peoples made cakes by pulverizing the entire fruit, including the seed, making a nutritious food that could be stored. Also, hackberry extracts were used medicinally, for sore throats, colds and regulation of menstrual periods. Dakota people used the dried fruit as a spice. (Athenic) It provides food for songbirds, groundbirds and small mammals. Older bark is covered with conspicuous, corky projections. Withstands city pollution. (Lady Bird Johnson, 2005) Species tends to get the disease witch's broom.

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Hackberry

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